Keywords: metric measure of CMM
Abstract: Software metrics is not a new topic, its main purpose is to provide organizations with the software processes and products more in-depth insight, it also enables organizations to better decision-making and development toward organizational goals. For software companies, the measurement is usually equivalent to collect and report data and figures mainly manifested in the form. The purpose of this paper is to provide software measurement is not the explanation and origin of the concept, but will focus on the establishment of enterprise software on the measurement process.
From the viewpoint of software companies, software metrics (Software Measurement) is measured through a variety of different (metric) of the software life cycle to measure the various elements (Measure), which project managers can provide a variety of important projects information, but also the basis for most assessments.
Usually measured by the number of software engineering process group for implementation in an organization, which used to quantify the effect of software process of decision-making tools for all departments involved in the software or the benefits:
Benefit from the project manager software project planning and control to make decisions;
Project members can focus on the improvement of work;
Software configuration management group to focus on product integrity;
Software quality assurance group can focus on the assurance process;
Of course, the user is on the software end-use;
In addition, other related and interest in software process and product related functions can use this to make decisions.
Since software metrics for various aspects of organizational benefits, then how should we in the business organizations to design and implement the measurement process it? This article will start for this purpose.
First, let us first look at the main design framework for software measurement process:
Develop a measure of organizational process and make it part of the process in the standard software;
Customization and integration of the processes by assets and the related procedures for project preparation process planning;
Implementation of the proposed plan and related procedures to process the project implementation;
When the project needs to mature and change the time of measurement related plans and procedures to improve in order to improve the process.
According to the above points, Carnegie Mellon University, SEI raised by the measurement process of a software architecture diagram:
Figure 1: Software Measurement Process Architecture
Here we come to the architecture in accordance with the above analysis:
The process of program development
Measurement process to develop the plan consists of two aspects of activity, a range is identified, a process is defined these steps:
Sure range: the event is to clear measure of demand according to the size, to limit a demand for business measurement process itself. Because the measurement process is the need to spend the limited resources of human and material resources, unrealistic large and comprehensive, or does not adequately reflect the needs of actual results will affect the reliability of measurement process and business development capacity.
Defined procedural steps: In recognition of the range, on the need to define the steps in the process of operation and measure, should be written in the same structure placed on file. Main tasks are to define a complete, consistent and operational metrics; define how data collection methods and data recording and preservation; definition of the metric analysis of the data related to technology, so users can get the data according to measurement data behind the results.
Process Implementation
The implementation process also includes two activities, one is data collection, an analysis of the data:
Data collection: This activity has been defined under the operational metrics for data collection, recording and storage. In addition, the data also proper to confirm the validity check. During the event should have some relevance, for different projects or activities require the actual amount of data there is a difference, and track the status of activities is also very important.
Data analysis: The activities include analyzing data and preparing reports and report the assessment to ensure that the report of course sufficient certainty is necessary. These procedural steps may need to update, because the report did not provide useful help for the user or users do not understand the contents of the report, in both cases, should be back and update the measurement process to further data analysis.
Process improvement
Process contains only one aspect of the improvement activities, namely the optimization process:
Optimization process: the process activities are used to dynamically improve the process and ensure a comprehensive and structured way to handle multiple issues involved in process improvement. In addition, the activity of the metric evaluation process itself, the user will report the effectiveness of data feedback. The feedback may come from other activities, but generally to the measurement process of integration into the life cycle of a new round to go, on the measurement process and the definition of a new confirmation.
Now we have a basic understanding of the design architecture of software measurement process, then we should be how to be implemented? This is what we talked about the following forthcoming.
If the organizational decision to start or improve software measurement within the process of forming a special group of measure is necessary, while enterprises should provide for the special groups identified and the necessary resources to enable it to work. Upon completion of the appropriate preparation, we can start going through a process implemented in the.
Identify target: business organizations must have clear, realistic goals, to measure the ultimate present is to improve, if the special target group can not be determined to improve, all of the activities are bewildered and useless projects and the organization.
Ability of current understanding and assessment of: the right to enterprise organizations intuitively understand the current capacity in which the software is very important, at different stages, organizations can obtain and analyze the data is limited, and the analysis technique is mastered needs a process. Special group should be able to measure the software capability for the current measurement process designed to find a balance.
Measurement process design: This part of the work is what we discussed in detail in the earlier part.
Process Prototype: Metrics special group projects should use the true measure of the process of testing and adjustment, then the process can be applied to the entire organization, special group should ensure that all items are to understand and measure the implementation process and help them achieve the specific details.
Process documentation: this, specifically group should first look back to measure whether the process needs to meet the objectives of enterprises, should be confirmed in further management of documents, making it a standard organization software part of the process, while the definition of work templates, roles and responsibilities.
Process of implementation: first steps to complete the case, you can develop a measure of the Working Group to the implementation of the measurement process, the Working Group will follow the definition of metrics has been to carry out the implementation process.
Program expansion: This step is the implementation of the life cycle of the last session, continuing under the supervision of feedback to improve the beginning of the life cycle of the necessary elements.
This, we have clear software companies the process of establishing a complete measurement process, as with CMM, this is only a standard and framework, the specific implementation will be based on each organization's different is different. Although there is no SW-CMM in a specific key process areas of software measurement, but to other key processes throughout the domain, but in the successor to SW-CMM - CMMI defines a specific key process areas: Measurement and Analysis.
References:
1. Establishing a Software Measurement Process, CMU / SEI, Donald R. McAndrews, July 1993
2. Goal-Driven Software Measurement - A Guidebook, CMU / SEI, Robert E. Park, August 1996
3. Software Measurement Guidebook, SEL, NASA, June 1995
4. Object-Oriented Software Measures, CMU / SEI, Clark Archer, April 1995
5. Software Quality Measurement: A Framework for Counting Problems and Defects, CMU / SEI, William A. Florac, 1992